What to Expect From the Eye Chart Test at the DMV

The eye chart test at your DMV appointment measures how well you can see letters and numbers from a standard distance

When you take your vision test for a driver's license, you will stand about 20 feet away from a wall-mounted chart (usually a Snellen chart, the one with rows of letters that get smaller toward the bottom) and read the smallest line you can see clearly. The examiner records what you read and compares it to the standard for driving in your state. Most states require 20/40 vision or better in at least one eye, though some require 20/30.

If you wear glasses or contacts, you take the test with them on. The examiner will also test each eye separately to check for significant differences between them. If you fail the vision test, you will not be issued a license that day, but you can retake it after correcting your vision — usually by getting new glasses or contacts — and returning to the DMV.

Key Takeaways

Most states require 20/40 vision or better in at least one eye to pass the DMV vision test, though your state may have a stricter standard.
You take the test with your glasses or contacts on if you normally wear them, and the examiner tests each eye separately.
Failing the vision test does not permanently disqualify you; you can return after getting corrective lenses and take the test again.
Some states allow a restricted license if your vision is between 20/40 and 20/70, usually limiting you to daytime driving or lower speeds.

What the 20/40 standard means

The fraction 20/40 means you can see at 20 feet what a person with standard vision can see at 40 feet. In other words, you need to be twice as close to read the same letters. This is the minimum most states accept because research shows it is safe enough for highway driving under normal conditions. A few states use 20/30 as their cutoff, which is stricter.

The chart itself has multiple rows. You start at the top with large letters and work your way down. The examiner stops when you begin making mistakes and records the smallest line you read correctly. That becomes your vision measurement for that eye.

How the test is actually conducted

You will stand or sit about 20 feet from the chart. The examiner will ask you to cover one eye and read the letters on the chart, starting from the top and moving down until you cannot read them clearly. Then you cover the other eye and repeat. Some examiners will ask you to read specific lines; others let you go as far as you can.

The examiner is looking for accuracy, not speed. If you miss one or two letters on a line, you may still pass that line. If you miss more than that, the examiner will record the previous line as your result. Be honest about what you can and cannot see — guessing will not help you, and failing the test is not a permanent problem.

What happens if you do not pass

If your vision is worse than your state's standard, the DMV will not issue you a license that day. You will be told what your vision measurement was and what the state requirement is. You can then get an eye exam, obtain corrective lenses if needed, and return to the DMV to retake the vision test.

There is no waiting period between a failed test and a retest in most states — you can come back the next day if you have new glasses. Some states allow you to bring a note from an eye doctor stating that you now meet the vision standard, which may speed up the process. Check your state DMV website to see if this option is available.

Restricted licenses for vision between 20/40 and 20/70

Some states offer a middle ground if your vision is worse than 20/40 but better than 20/70. You may be issued a restricted license that limits when and where you can drive. Common restrictions include daytime driving only, no highway driving, or a requirement to wear corrective lenses at all times.

The restrictions appear on your license itself, and law enforcement can cite you if you violate them. If your vision improves after getting new glasses, you can return to the DMV and request that the restrictions be removed. Some states will remove them automatically once you pass the full vision test; others require you to ask.

Preparing for the vision test

If you wear glasses or contacts, bring them with you to your DMV appointment. Wear the pair you use most often for driving — the one you are most comfortable with and that gives you the clearest vision. If you have recently gotten new glasses, wear those instead, since they represent your current vision.

If you do not normally wear corrective lenses but have noticed that you struggle to read street signs or see clearly at night, consider getting an eye exam before your DMV appointment. An optometrist or ophthalmologist can measure your vision and provide glasses or contacts if you need them. This will save you a trip back to the DMV if you fail the initial test.

Vision standards vary by state

While 20/40 is the most common standard, some states require 20/30 vision or have different rules for different types of licenses. A few states test color blindness as well, though this is less common. Your state DMV website will list the exact vision requirement for your license type.

If you are renewing a license and your vision has changed, you will take the vision test again. Some states allow online renewals for people whose vision has not changed, but if you are unsure, contact your DMV before your appointment to ask whether a vision test will be required.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I take the vision test without my glasses if I normally wear them?

No. You must take the test with the corrective lenses you normally use for driving. If you wear glasses or contacts, wear them during the test. The DMV is testing your actual vision — the vision you will have when you are behind the wheel.

What if I fail the vision test but I know I can see fine?

If you believe the result is wrong, you can request a retest when ready or return another day. Some DMVs will retest you on the spot if you ask. If you consistently fail, get an eye exam from an optometrist or ophthalmologist to find out what is happening. You may need a new prescription, or there may be an eye health issue that needs attention.

Do I have to pass the vision test to get a learner's permit?

Yes. Vision testing is required for learner's permits in all states. The standard is usually the same as for a regular driver's license, though a few states allow slightly worse vision for permit holders. Check your state DMV website for the specific requirement.

What if one eye is much worse than the other?

The DMV tests each eye separately and records both measurements. Most states require that at least one eye meets the standard (usually 20/40 or better). If one eye is significantly worse, you may still pass as long as your better eye meets the requirement. Some states may place restrictions on your license depending on the difference between your eyes.

Can I wear sunglasses during the vision test?

No. You must remove sunglasses and any tinted eyewear during the test. The examiner needs to see your eyes clearly and needs you to see the chart without any tint or glare reduction that might affect your reading of the letters.

This guide is for general information only and is not medical, financial, legal, or other professional advice. For decisions specific to your situation, consult a qualified professional. See our Editorial Policy.