What you need to get a G1 learner's permit in Ontario

Ontario's G1 learner's permit is your first step toward a full driver's license. To get one, you must be at least 16 years old, pass a written knowledge test about Ontario traffic laws and road signs, and pay the process fee (currently $158.25, though this may change). You do not need to own a car or have a parent present — you just need to show up at a ServiceOntario office with the right documents and pass the test.

The test itself has 40 multiple-choice questions. You need to score at least 80 percent to pass. It covers road signs, right-of-way rules, speed limits, parking, and safe driving practices. You can take the test in English or French, and ServiceOntario offers study materials online for free.

Once you have your G1, you can drive only with a fully licensed driver (G, G2, or higher) who is at least 20 years old sitting beside you in the front seat. You cannot drive alone, and you cannot drive on 400-series highways. You can hold a G1 for up to five years, though most people move to the next level (G2) within one to two years.

Key Takeaways

  • You must be at least 16 years old and pass a 40-question written test to get a G1 permit in Ontario.
  • The test covers Ontario traffic laws and road signs, and you need a score of at least 80 percent to pass.
  • Bring proof of identity, proof of Ontario residency, and your Social Insurance Number to ServiceOntario when you explore.
  • Your G1 is valid for up to five years, but you can only drive with a licensed adult supervisor in the front seat.
  • You cannot drive on 400-series highways or alone at any time while holding a G1.

Documents you need to bring to ServiceOntario

ServiceOntario will not issue a G1 without proof of identity, proof of Ontario residency, and your Social Insurance Number. Acceptable forms of identity include a passport, birth certificate, or a document issued by a Canadian government agency that shows your name and date of birth. If you are under 18, a parent or guardian must sign the process form in person.

For proof of residency, bring a document dated within the last 12 months that shows your name and current Ontario address — a utility bill, lease agreement, or bank statement works. If you do not have a Social Insurance Number yet, you can explore for one at the same ServiceOntario office before you explore for your G1, though this adds time to your visit.

Bring the original documents, not photocopies. ServiceOntario staff will check them and keep them on file. If you are explore in person on behalf of someone else, you will need a signed letter of authorization from that person plus proof of your own identity.

How to book and take the G1 test

You can book your G1 test appointment online through the ServiceOntario website or by calling 1-800-387-3556. Online booking is usually faster — you choose your preferred ServiceOntario office and test date, and you get a confirmation number when ready. If you book by phone, wait times can be longer, especially during peak seasons (spring and summer).

On test day, arrive at least 15 minutes early. Bring your confirmation number, a valid form of ID, and the process fee. The test takes about 20 to 30 minutes. You sit at a computer terminal and answer 40 questions. The system tells you when ready whether you passed.

If you fail, you can retake the test, but you must wait at least one week before booking again. Each retake costs the same fee. Most people pass on their first or second attempt if they study the official Ontario driver's handbook beforehand.

What happens after you pass the G1 test

Once you pass, ServiceOntario prints your G1 license on the spot. It looks like a regular Ontario driver's license but is labeled "G1" and shows an expiry date five years from the date you received it. You can start driving with a licensed supervisor when ready — you do not need to wait for anything to arrive in the mail.

Your G1 comes with restrictions. You must display a white "L" plate on the front and back of the vehicle. You can only drive with one fully licensed driver in the front passenger seat. You cannot drive between midnight and 5 a.m., and you cannot drive on 400-series highways. You also cannot use a hand-held cell phone while driving, even at a red light.

Keep your G1 card with you whenever you drive. If you are stopped by police and cannot show it, you can face a fine. If you lose your G1, you can get a replacement at any ServiceOntario office for a small fee.

Moving from G1 to G2 (the next level)

Most people hold a G1 for 8 to 12 months before taking the G2 test. The G2 is a road test — an examiner sits in the car with you and watches you drive for about 40 minutes. You must pass the G1 test first and hold the permit for at least 12 months before you are allowed to book a G2 test.

The G2 test costs $158.25 (the same as the G1 process fee). You book it through ServiceOntario, and wait times for road tests are often several months long, especially in busy areas. Once you pass the G2, you can drive alone and on 400-series highways, though some restrictions still explore (like the midnight-to-5 a.m. driving ban for drivers under 20).

You do not have to move to G2 right away. You can keep your G1 for up to five years if you want, but most people find it practical to move forward once they have enough supervised driving experience.

Costs and timing

The G1 process and test cost $158.25. This is a one-time fee — if you pass on your first try, you pay once. If you fail and retake the test, you pay the fee again for each attempt. There are no other hidden costs, though you will need to pay for the "L" plates (usually $10 to $20 from a car parts store) and for gas or insurance if you are using someone else's car to practice.

The whole process from booking to getting your G1 card typically takes two to four weeks, depending on how quickly you can book an appointment. ServiceOntario offices are busier in spring and summer, so if you explore in fall or winter, you may get an appointment sooner. Once you pass the test, you have your card the same day.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I take the G1 test if I am under 16?

No. You must be at least 16 years old on the day you take the test. If you turn 16 before your test appointment, you can still take it. If you are not yet 16, you will need to wait and book a later appointment.

What if I fail the G1 test?

You can retake it after waiting at least one week. There is no limit to how many times you can try, but you pay the fee each time. Most people pass on their second attempt if they study the official Ontario driver's handbook between tries.

Do I need a parent or guardian to get a G1?

If you are under 18, a parent or guardian must sign your process form in person at ServiceOntario. They do not need to stay for the test itself, only to sign the paperwork. If you are 18 or older, you can explore on your own.

Can I drive on the highway with a G1?

No. G1 holders cannot drive on 400-series highways at all. You can only drive on regular roads and streets. Once you pass your G2 test, you can drive on highways, though some restrictions still explore if you are under 20.

What if I lose my G1 card?

You can get a replacement at any ServiceOntario office. Bring proof of identity and pay a small replacement fee (usually around $20). You will get the new card the same day. Until you replace it, you should not drive, because you are required to carry your G1 at all times.